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Sarma, V. V. S. S.
- Sources and Fate of Organic Matter in Suspended and Bottom Sediments of the Mandovi and Zuari Estuaries, Western India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
2 CSIR-NIO Regional Centre, 176, Lawsons Bay Colony, Visakhapatnam 530 017, IN
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
2 CSIR-NIO Regional Centre, 176, Lawsons Bay Colony, Visakhapatnam 530 017, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 108, No 2 (2015), Pagination: 226-238Abstract
Organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN) and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions were measured in suspended particulate matter (SPM) and surface sediment along estuaries of Mandovi and Zuari rivers, two small mountainous river systems in western India during wet and dry seasons, to characterize the sources of organic matter (OM) in these systems. Unlike major rivers, SPM concentrations increase seaward with a general trend of decreasing particulate organic carbon (POC) in these rivers, mostly due to the presence of estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) located downstream of the estuaries. POC and particulate nitrogen (PN) were higher in the Mandovi than in the Zuari estuary. Except during wet season in the Mandovi, POC/PN and δ15N were altered by biogeochemical processes in both the estuaries and are not indicators of source organic matter. PN/POC and δ13Corg indicated the dominance of terrestrial plant-derived OM and terrestrial soil-derived OM respectively, in the Mandovi and Zuari estuaries during wet season. The δ13Corg versus salinity plot indicated increasing proportions of marine OM seaward in both estuaries during dry season. OC and TN in the sediments of both estuaries were much lower than in the overlying suspended matter. The mean δ13Corg in the sediment and SPM were similar in both the seasons in Mandovi and only during wet season in Zuari estuary. Uniform mean values of δ13Corg in the lower estuary and bay of Zuari indicated efficient mixing of sediments during wet season. Sediments with relatively high δ13Corg and low δ15N in the upper estuary of Zuari were related to anthropogenic contamination by sewage effluents during dry season. It is estimated that each river contributed at least ~20% terrestrial organic carbon (TOC) to the coastal system during wet season and received similar quantity of TOC during dry season. Since there are more than 10,000 small rivers originating from monsoon- dominated and/or mountainous regions globally, it must be appreciated that their total TOC contribution to the coastal system must be substantial.Keywords
Carbon And Nitrogen Isotopes, Estuaries, Sediments, Suspended Particles.Full Text
- A Significant Shift in Particulate Organic Matter Characteristics during Flooding of River Krishna, Eastern Peninsular India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
2 A-6, Oceanis Society, Bambolim, Goa 403 202, IN
3 Flat No. 502, First Block, Kamat Riviera, Caranzalem, Goa 403 002, IN
4 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Visakhapatnam 530 017, IN
5 National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad 500 049, IN
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
2 A-6, Oceanis Society, Bambolim, Goa 403 202, IN
3 Flat No. 502, First Block, Kamat Riviera, Caranzalem, Goa 403 002, IN
4 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Visakhapatnam 530 017, IN
5 National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad 500 049, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 118, No 3 (2020), Pagination: 461-467Abstract
Extremely heavy rainfall over a small, semi-arid section of the Indian Peninsula in October 2009, together with release of water from dams resulted in very severe flooding in River Krishna. The sources and type of organic matter during and after the floods were studied by analysing suspended particulate matter (SPM) for organic carbon (C), total nitrogen (N) and isotopic composition of C (δ13Corg). The δ13Corg varied from –21.4‰ during the initial heavy flood phase to –27.1‰ in the final receding phase. Discharge of terrestrial carbon (–21.4‰ to –23.5‰) from mixed sources with high C/N ratios (14–19) during the initial phase of the flood originated from the semi-arid section of the river. The light carbon (–25.5‰ to –27.1‰) with low C/N ratios (7.2–9.5) in the receding phase of the flood was from local C3-rich organic debris from the deltaic regions along with phytoplankton from aquatic sources. Since the average suspended sediment discharge of River Krishna has decreased from 68 mt to less than 0.1 mt due to construction of dams and barrages, it appears that sediments and organic matter presently being delivered to the oceans are mainly during flood events, and the type of organic matter delivered depends on the nature of the soil where high rainfall is received.Keywords
Carbon Isotopes, Extreme Rainfall Events Rivers, Floods, Particulate Organic Matter.Full Text
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Abstract Views :157 |
PDF Views:79
Authors
Affiliations
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Visakhapatnam 530 017, IN
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Visakhapatnam 530 017, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 119, No 10 (2020), Pagination: 1713-1714Abstract
No Abstract.Full Text